niedziela, 10 czerwca 2018

Polskie cechy probiercze

W myśl polskiego prawa probierczego, każdy wyrób wykonany z metalu szlachetnego musi być oznakowany w Okręgowym Urzędzie Probierczym.
Od tej reguły są pewne wyjątki.
Polskie prawo stanowi, że każdy wyrób wykonany ze złota, platyny lub palladu o masie większej lub równej 1 gram musi być obligatoryjnie oznakowany w Okręgowym Urzędzie Probierczym.
Jeżeli zaś sprawa dotyczy srebra, pod ten obowiązek podlegają wyroby o masie większej lub równej 5 gramów.
W celu lepszego zrozumienia zasad znakowania zamieszczamy polskie znaki probiercze stosowane przy znakowaniu wyrobów wykonanych z różnych metali szlachetnych.

ZŁOTO


PLATYNA


PALLAD


SREBRO



Przedstawione wzory znaków probierczych są stosowane w Polsce i akceptowane w krajach Unii Europejskiej. 
Prawo probiercze jednak nie jest jednolite dla całej Wspólnoty i poszczególne kraje mają zróżnicowane regulacje oraz znaki probiercze.
Przedmiot sprawy jest bardzo obszerny i ciężko zająć się jego wyjaśnieniem w obrębie jednego czy kilku wpisów na blogu. Niemniej jednak należy pamiętać, że cześć krajów Wspólnoty wprowadziła obowiązkowe prawo probiercze, natomiast w innej części prawo dopuszcza deklarację producenta.
Bezsprzecznie może to być tematem do przeprowadzenia ciekawych analiz przez osoby interesujące się aspektami prawnymi natomiast dla zwykłego miłośnika pięknej biżuterii będzie to żmudna droga przez mękę. 
Nie oznacza to w żadnym wypadku, ze nie powinniśmy myśleć o zakupie biżuterii z innych źródeł niż rodzimi producenci. Zawsze, kiedy nie jesteśmy pewni co kupujemy, warto zasięgnąć porady jubilera z sąsiedztwa a ten na pewno w sposób wyczerpujący rozwieje nasze wątpliwości.


sobota, 9 czerwca 2018

Carat Weight vs. Total Carat Weight

There are many factors that go into the appraisal of a diamond ring, and with the countless designs that pervade the market, it becomes necessary to evaluate each ring individually. Some have intricate filigree or an antique setting that can make grading a complicated process. Others are encrusted in diamonds that are each a fraction of a carat, and others still may be quite plain, but hold stones of impressive proportions.

When trying to determine a suitable price for a diamond ring, whether to buy or sell, one should first understand that the diamonds are what represents most of any ring’s value. These come in varied sizes, shapes and colors, and a ring might have anywhere from one to fifty stones.

HOW DOES A RING WITH A SINGLE BIG DIAMOND COMPARE WITH ONE THAT HAS MANY STONES?

Simply put, a ring with a large center stone is significantly more valuable than a ring with many small diamonds. Large, jewelry grade diamonds are more rare and are therefore more valuable. A solitaire ring with a total carat weight of 1.5 cts is more valuable than a ring made of many small diamonds with the same total carat weight.

Most price tags on jewelry are marked with total carat weight, which can be misleading. When browsing for a diamond ring or looking to sell one of your old pieces, it’s very important to understand the lingo – or risk getting a raw deal. To begin, one should familiarize themselves with the acronyms that jewelers use.

WHAT IS DIAMOND CARAT WEIGHT?

Diamond carat weight or size, is the most basic and familiar aspect of a diamond’s characteristics. Carat refers to the weight of the diamond in which 1 carat equals .2 grams. This is the first of the 4 c’s examined when grading and assessing the value of a diamond. Diamond carat weight is represented in a number of ways, including CT, CW, DW and CTW.

WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN CARAT WEIGHT (CW) AND TOTAL CARAT WEIGHT (CTW)?

CW: Carat weight, meaning the weight of an individual stone in carats (1 carat is the equivalent of 0.2 grams). This is also sometimes abbreviated as DW, or “diamond weight”. Carat weight is used to describe single stones, so if you see a listing with “1CW”, you know it’s likely a single-stone ring with a 1 carat diamond.

CTW: Total carat weight, meaning the total weight of all the diamonds on the ring, in carats. It can also be abbreviated as TDW, which means “total diamond weight”. This number is just a sum and says nothing about how many stones are on the ring, or their individual sizes, so a ring labeled “1CTW” could be 4 stones of .25CW each, or 10 of .10CW each.
Knowing how carat weight and total carat weight work is crucial in understanding how diamonds are priced, but without more information, it’s impossible to accurately evaluate a diamond ring. Take this scenario as an example:
square halo diamond engagement ringA
solitaire 1ct diamond engagement ringB
Ring A has twenty 0.10CW diamonds and a total carat weight of 2.00 at $7,400. Ring B has a single 1.00CW diamond and total carat weight of 1.00 at $16,000. Why is Ring B more expensive? One may be fooled into thinking that it’s simply because a bigger center stone is more precious, but they’d only be partially correct.

DIAMOND SIZE ISN’T EVERYTHING

Color, clarity, and cut are also factors that one should be familiar with. While not as immediately apparent as sheer size, these qualities can significantly change the price of a stone too. For instance, if your budget for a single-stone ring is $15,000, you could shop from a range of diamond sizes between 0.50CW and 2.00CW or more – but it’s likely that the biggest diamond within your budget will have inclusions, be imprecisely cut, or slightly off-color. At the end of the day, even less-than-perfect diamonds are a sight to behold, and only the customer can determine which is best for their needs.

THE VALUE OF THE CENTER STONE

As previously mentioned, each diamond must be graded for all of the qualities that give it value before buying or selling a diamond jewelry piece. The main stone on a diamond ring has a vital role in this process both visually and financially. As the centerpiece of a ring, it is naturally the biggest, and more importance is placed on its cut, color, and other qualities that determine price.

When shopping, one needs to understand this delicate balance, and know the specific grading terms that appear on an official report from GIA or IGI. Most shoppers are unaware of the nuances present in a diamond appraisal or grading, a fact that a disreputable jeweler may take advantage of.

DIAMOND GRADING: A CRUCIAL STEP IN APPRAISING A DIAMOND

An appraisal isn’t complete without an objective grading. If a jeweler providing an appraisal does not properly know how to grade a diamond, they will not be able to provide you with an accurate appraisal that meets the realities of the market. Without proper equipment, it is nearly impossible to determine quality in clarity, cut or color, especially when a diamond is still mounted. The Gemological Institute of America (GIA), the International Gemology Institute and Gemological Science International (GSI) are organizations that grade diamonds in a reliable manner, and any diamond you buy or sell should be accompanied by a report from any one of these institutions.

BEING SMART ABOUT SELLING YOUR DIAMOND

When it comes time to sell your diamond, it is especially important to have a grading report. This is to protect both you and the buyer to prevent any foul play, and to present you as a knowledgeable seller, perhaps resulting in a better offer. If you choose Worthy to sell your diamond, not only is the grading covered, but also the auction connecting your diamond with buyers worldwide. Buyers that participate in Worthy auctions are professionals who understand the minutiae that make every diamond unique, which is exactly why we provide complimentary GIA or GSI gradings. Connect with Worthy today to turn the jewelry you no longer want into funds for your next vacation, home improvement project or wherever life takes you.

10 Interesting facts you didn’t know about diamonds

If you’re interested in diamonds, you probably know that these incredible stones are made up of compressed carbon, and you probably know that they’re April’s birthstone. You might also know that diamonds are the hardest of all substances, and that only a diamond is hard enough to cut or scratch another diamond. You might also know some cool facts about the Hope diamond – for example, you’re probably well aware of its unique history and its “curse.” Ready to learn more? Here are another 10 facts about diamonds.

Diamond Facts - Most diamonds form more than 100 kilometers below the Earth’s surface1. Most diamonds form more than 100 kilometers below the Earth’s surface

Bright, sparkling diamonds – incredible stones with the ability to disperse light in the most incredible way imaginable – form in complete darkness, deep underground. Almost all natural diamonds are formed at depths between 140 and 190 kilometers (that’s 87 to 118 miles) underground, inside the planet’s lithospheric mantle layer. When magma from deep volcanic eruptions makes its way toward the Earth’s surface, it sometimes carries diamonds with it. These diamonds are hidden inside igneous rocks that form when the magma cools.

Diamond Facts - Your diamonds are probably billions of years old2. Your diamonds are probably billions of years old

The oldest diamonds ever discovered are estimated to be over 4 billion years old, but most are closer to 1 billion to 3.3 billion years old. Other ancient materials are transported up the volcanic pipes that bring diamonds into miners’ reach: fossils, wood, and surface rock often circulate inside these pipes during periods of eruption. But prospectors don’t look for these items; instead, they watch for indicator minerals such as garnets, olivine, and magnetite.


Diamond Facts - Some diamonds may have come from outer space3. Some diamonds may have come from outer space

One of the most interesting facts about diamonds is that some may have formed in an interstellar environment. Carbonado diamonds, mostly found in Africa and South America, are believed to have been deposited by an asteroid that impacted the earth approximately 3 billion years ago. You probably won’t find a carbonado diamond mounted in an engagement ring: these stones are unique; however, they contain high levels of graphite and are quite porous. Some carbonado diamonds are suitable for cutting and polishing into black diamond jewelry, which makes an interesting addition to any collection.
 

Diamond Facts - Almost 80% of all diamonds are sold in New York City4. Almost 80% of all diamonds are sold in New York City

Many metropolitan cities are home to diamond markets. For example, most rough diamonds make their way to Antwerp, Belgium, aptly nicknamed the “diamond capital of the world.” Once the entire production process has been completed, approximately 80% of the world’s diamonds make their way to NYC. There, they are sold (and resold) at a variety of venues including auctions.



Diamond Facts - A diamond can be fractured in one blow5. A diamond can be fractured in one blow

While cutting is a complex procedure, diamonds are brittle and when positioned just right, can be split with a single, well-placed blow. Don’t worry about breaking the diamonds in your jewelry, though: It takes special knowledge and analysis of the stone’s internal crystal structure to split a diamond into smaller sections. Keep another one of those important facts about diamonds in mind if you’re ever concerned about bumping your favorite jewelry: Diamonds aren’t just the hardest of all substances – they’re actually 58 times harder than any other natural material.


Diamond Facts - More than a million carats of diamonds are mined each year6. More than a million carats of diamonds are mined each year

Diamonds aren’t just essential for use in jewelry: They’re also used in a variety of industrial and medical tools. For example, some surgical scalpels have diamond blades. Thanks to their popularity, diamonds are mined in massive quantities each year, with an average of 130 million carats (about 28,000 tons) being brought to the surface annually. Another 110,000 tons of synthetic diamonds are produced in laboratory environments each year.


Diamond Facts - There’s a place where you can dig for your own diamonds7. There’s a place where you can dig for your own diamonds

If you ever find yourself in Arkansas, consider heading for Murfreesboro. The town is home to Crater of Diamonds State Park, where it’s possible to search for your own diamond. Nicknamed “The World’s Only Keep What You Find Diamond Site,” it is also the eighth largest known diamond-bearing volcanic crater on the planet, and an excellent source of white, brown, and yellow diamonds, the site is also home to amethysts, garnets, and other important stones, making for a very exciting adventure – even if you don’t dig up a diamond. In case you’re curious, quite a few large diamonds have been found here. The most impressive – and the largest diamond ever discovered in the United States – was the Uncle Sam Diamond, a white diamond weighing 40.23 carats. It was found in 1924.

Diamond Facts - The graphite in your pencil shares a unique property with the diamond in your ring8. The graphite in your pencil shares a unique property with the diamond in your ring

Believe it or not, graphite (often nicknamed “lead”) used in pencils is made of 100 percent carbon, just like diamonds. The crystals are arranged in a different way though, making graphite opaque and soft enough to crush with moderate pressure.






Diamond Facts - Natural diamonds really are one in a million9. Natural diamonds really are one in a million

What does this mean? On average, 1 million units of mined rock yields just one part diamond. So for every one million pounds of diamond-bearing host rock (that’s a whopping 500,000 tons), miners expect to find just one pound of diamonds.






Diamond Facts - There are two formally recognized diamond anniversaries10. There are two formally recognized diamond anniversaries

When it comes to fun facts about diamonds, this is one worth celebrating. You’ve probably heard the term “diamond anniversary.” As it turns out, there are actually two of these: the 60th and 75 wedding anniversaries are considered diamond anniversaries. Many people celebrate other milestones with diamonds though: diamond anniversary bands and other jewelry make fantastic gifts any time!
 

Opis brylantu czyli tajemnicze 4C

Przy określaniu cech i jakości brylantu a przez to także jego ceny stosuje się zasadę 4C czyli czterech właściwości: masy, czystości, barwy i szlifu (z angielskiego: carat, clarity, color, cut).

Masa

Masa brylantu podawana jest w karatach (ct)

1 ct = 0,200g czyli 1 gram brylantu ma masę 5 ct.
Nazwa „karat” wzięła się od greckiego słowa „keration” oznaczającego strączek drzewa karobowego zwanego też „chlebem świętojańskim”. Wysuszone nasiona tego drzewa mają jednolity rozmiar i masę 0,2 g. W czasach Imperium Rzymskiego służyły aptekarzom i jubilerom jako odważniki. Masa 1 karata została przeliczona na 0,2g w systemie metrycznym dopiero w roku 1907.

Czystość

Całkowicie czyste brylanty zdarzają się niezmiernie rzadko. Prawie wszystkie zawierają jakieś wewnętrzne zabrudzenia, pęknięcia lub wrostki obniżające przejrzystość. W opisie czystości brylantu obowiązują następujące symbole: LC, FL, IF (Loupe Clean, Flawless, Internally Flawless)
Oznacza najwyższą czystość gdzie pod standardową lupą o powiększeniu 10x nie da się stwierdzić żadnych wewnętrznych wrostków lub innych uszkodzeń.
VVS1, VVS2 (Very Very Slightly Included)
Czystość gdzie przy badaniu lupą 10x stwierdzenie wrostków lub uszkodzeń jest bardzo trudne do wykrycia.
VS1, VS2 (Very Slightly Included)
Czytość gdzie kamień oceniany gołym okiem wydaje się pozbawiony wrostków lub uszkodzeń a pod lupą 10x ich wykrycie jest stosunkowo łatwe.
SI1, SI2 (Slightly Included)
Czystość przy której z trudem ale da się dostrzec gołym okiem wrostki i uszkodzenia a przy badaniu lupą 10x sa one bardzo widoczne.
P1, P2, P3 / I1, I2, I3 (Pique / Included)
Czystość gdzie wrostki i zabrudzenia są łatwo widoczne gołym okiem.


Barwa

Zakres kolorów rozciąga się od całkowicie bezbarwnego aż po żółtawy. Nieduży odsetek stanowią brylanty określane jako „fantazyjne” posiadające żywą barwę żółtą, czerwoną, różową, zieloną, brązową lub nawet czarną. Brylant całkowicie bezbarwny lub biały określany jest jako najczystsza biel + i oznaczany literą D.


Szlif

Dobry szlif wydobywa z kamienia najkorzystniejsze walory estetyczne i optyczne określane mianem brylancji. Współczesny szlif brylantowy został opracowany w 1919 roku przez belgijskiego matematyka Marcela Tolkowskiego. Diament formy okrągłej oszlifowany pełnym szlifem brylantowym to BRYLANT. Pełny szlif brylantowy zawiera nie mniej niż 57 płaszczyzn (56 fasetek i tafla).
Szlif jest najtrudniejszym do oceny elementem „czterech C”. W ocenie szlifu bierze się pod uwagę proporcję szlifu, symetrię i jakość polerowania. Idealny szlif to taki, w którym następuje całkowite wewnętrzne odbicie światła dając najwyższą brylancję i "życie" kamienia. Zwykle podaje się cztery stopnie jakości szlifu: poor, fair, good, excellent.

Rosnące ceny palladu wpływają na koszt białego złota

W ciągu ostatnich 10 lat cena palladu poszybowała w górę o prawie 1000 USD za uncję.
W 2008 roku kruszec kosztował około 150 USD za uncję.
 Dzisiejsza cena oscyluje w granicach 1100 USD za uncję. 
Wysokie ceny palladu wpływają na cenę białego złota palladowego gdzie pallad jest uzupełnieniem.
Producenci często do produkcji białego złota wykorzystują nikiel.
Nikiel jest materiałem tanim i pozwala skutecznie obniżyć cenę wyrobu.
Niestety musimy pamiętać również o tym, że nikiel jest metalem alerogennym.
Tani wyrób z białego złota niklowego może sprawić nam przykrą niespodziankę w postaci uciążliwej alergii.
Naturalnie nie każdego klienta będzie ten problem dotyczył, niemniej jednak zawsze warto ustalić przed zakupem z jakim złotem mamy doczynienia.
Sprzedawca czy jubiler bez wątpienia udzielą nam takich informacji.
Warto również, planując zakup wyrobów z białego złota, poważnie zastanowić się nad zakupem złota palladowego. Nawet jeżeli takowe miało by być robione na zamówienie. 
Specyfikację można przekazać jubilerowi, który wykona żądany stop na zamówienie.
Wtedy będziemy mieli gwarancję posiadania wyrobu najwyższej jakości o niepowtarzalnym pięknie i uroku.